China's Yangtze River has become the largest volume of the navigable rivers in the world, however, there are some problems of its development compared with the inland water transportation of the developed countries, especially the imbalance between shipping supply and demand of Yangtze River. This paper focuses on the demand from two perspectives of the time series and the influencing factors, it forecasts the demand with Regression Analysis, Output Value of Coefficient Method, Elastic Coefficient Method, Time Series Analysis and the weighted combination of those methods. And then this paper analyzes the supply with the econometric model, which predicts the capacity and ship trends in order to determine the trend of change in the form of ship operational organization. By comparison and calculation, the results indicate that the imbalance between the supply of Yangtze River and the shipping demand of economic society along the river has become the principal contradiction of the development of the inland water transportation of Yangtze River in China. Finally, this paper proposes that it can solve the problem through optimizing the structure of freight capacity.
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