Road traffic accidents have become a major public hazard for all mankind. Therefore, the study of traffic accidents is always an important subject to scholars all over the world. A road safety evaluation is an effective way to identify potential accidents and reduce accident severity. At present, the major methods of foreign traffic safety evaluation include the rate of relative accidents, time series analysis, regression analysis, systems analysis, and traffic conflicts. Based on the analysis of a large number of accident statistics, these methods qualitatively analyze the factors affecting traffic safety and use mathematical theories to establish the quantitative relationships between traffic accidents and various factors, thus reflecting the safety level of the road. Based on the road conditions, traffic safety facilities, and traffic environment, this paper analyzes the factors affecting the road safety and establishes a safety evaluation system for arterial highways. The index-measuring approach is also employed with an analytical hierarchy process, and the theoretical model of evaluation methods is proposed.
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