Time Pressure, Memory, and Task Knowledge Facilitate the Opportunism Heuristic in Dynamic Tasks

摘要

There are a variety of strategies that operators can utilize when performing a dynamic task, yet operatorstrategies are typically studied in a well-controlled environment that prevents the possibility of thesestrategies from interacting or competing with one another. In this study we investigated operator strategyuse in a dynamic supervisory control task. We identified four possible strategies that the operator mayuse: scanning, opportunism, task knowledge, and memory. In order to determine the impact of timepressure on strategy use, we manipulated the speed of the vehicles. We found that as time pressureincreased, operators shifted from a scanning strategy to a heuristic opportunistic strategy. We also foundthat when operators used task knowledge and memory they were more likely to be opportunistic.