Applied remote sensing and GIS for early warning and monitoring of malaria Disease in different ecosystem in Vietnam

摘要

Malaria is a disease which unaffected directly by parasites named Plasmodium but affected through infected vector from a patient to other by female anopheles mosquito. There are four kinds of parasites in Vietnam, which is dominant by P.falciparum, followed by P.vivax, Rmalariae and P.ovale. The component of each parasite is various depending on characteristics of local ecosystem. The application of remote sensing and GIS for malaria study has been applying in many countries, however, this kind of integrated technology study is still quite few in Vietnam. In our research, three typical malaria distribution ecosystems were chosen specific for high mountain, medium mountain and coastal areas located in the North, the Centre and the South of Vietnam, respectively. This study aimed to find out the relationship between anopheles mosquito and environmental parameters and socio-economic factors, and then identify and predict the high risk areas of malaria disease for malaria monitoring during dry and rainy seasons. SPOT and LANDSAT satellite images were used in this research for extracting different indices and factors, such as: land covers, vegetation index, wetness, drainage, landform, land surface temperature and surface water. The socio-economic information was collected from through local government statistic database and field survey. Multi-criteria assessment approach was used to calculate the weighting scores for each factor. Then, spatial modeling was applied to establish the potential malaria risk maps in each study areas. The results of this study was used as early warning and prevention of malaria for malaria monitoring as well as a contribution of integrated technological and scientific methodology for public health management with the aspect of the medicine geography.