Human Smart Cities. Co-creation Methodologies and Technologies

摘要

This paper argues that current technology-driven implementations of Smart Cities, although being an important step in the right direction, fall short in exploiting the most important human dimension of cities. In a Human Smart City, people rather than technology are the true actors of the urban "smartness". The urban transformation is driven by the citizens through their empowerment and motivation allowing major city challenges to be addressed, including sustainable behaviour transformations. The Human Smart Cities concept builds upon emergent sustainable models for urban living, working and governance, enabled by Open Platforms and Digital Services. At the core of the vision is the citizen-centric and participatory approach to the co-design, development, and production of smart city services. Such services exploit the technical "smartness" of sensors, meters and infrastructures in a context favouring citizen empowerment, social interaction in physical urban settings, public-citizens use of open data and data analytics and partnerships. The authors argue that the city challenges are more effectively addressed at the scale of neighbourhood and they provide cases and experiences that demonstrate the viability, importance and impact of this model in Europe and beyond.