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Towards Exhaustive Pairwise Matching in Large Image Collections

机译:在大型图像集合中寻求穷举的成对匹配

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Exhaustive pairwise matching on large datasets presents serious practical challenges, and has mostly remained an unexplored domain. We make a step in this direction by demonstrating the feasibility of scalable indexing and fast retrieval of appearance and geometric information in images. We identify unification of database filtering and geometric verification steps as a key step for doing this. We devise a novel inverted indexing scheme, based on Bloom filters, to scalably index high order features extracted from pairs of nearby features. Unlike a conventional inverted index, we can adapt the size of the inverted index to maintain adequate sparsity of the posting lists. This ensures constant time query retrievals. We are thus able to implement an exhaustive pair-wise matching scheme, with linear time complexity, using the 'query each image in turn' technique. We find the exhaustive nature of our approach to be very useful in mining small clusters of images, as demonstrated by a 73.2% recall on the UKBench dataset. In the Oxford Buildings dataset, we are able to discover all the query buildings. We also discover interesting overlapping images connecting distant images.
机译:大型数据集上的穷举式成对匹配提出了严峻的实际挑战,并且在很大程度上仍未开发。我们通过展示可伸缩索引和快速检索图像中的外观和几何信息的可行性,朝这个方向迈出了一步。我们将数据库过滤和几何验证步骤的统一确定为实现此目标的关键步骤。我们设计了一种基于Bloom过滤器的新颖的反向索引方案,以可伸缩方式索引从对附近特征对中提取的高阶特征。与传统的倒排索引不同,我们可以调整倒排索引的大小,以保持发布列表的足够稀疏性。这确保了恒定时间的查询检索。因此,我们能够使用“依次查询每个图像”技术来实现详尽的成对匹配方案,并具有线性时间复杂度。我们发现,我们的方法的详尽无遗的性质在挖掘小型图像集群中非常有用,UKBench数据集的召回率达到73.2%,这证明了这一点。在牛津建筑物数据集中,我们能够发现所有查询建筑物。我们还发现了连接远处图像的有趣重叠图像。

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