Ti-(10-12) Cr alloys subjected to ST exhibit a low Young's modulus. However, after CR, Young's moduli of the Ti-(10-12) Cr alloys increase drastically owing to the formation of a deformation-induced ω phase during CR. Ti-12Cr exhibits a low Young's modulus of 68 GPa in ST conditions and a high Young's modulus of 85 GPa in CR conditions. In addition, Ti-12Cr shows a small springback and high cytocompatibility. Therefore, Ti-12Cr is considered to be a potential candidate for spinal fixation applications.
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