A series of collagen/apatite scaffolds with controlled microstructure and pore sizes were created sucessfully. The foundamental of freeze casting was dicussed and two freezing regimes were established to prepare scaffolds with homogenous celluar structure and unidirectional lamellar structure respectively. In each regime, the pore size of the scaffold could be easily adjusted. Thus prepared collagen/apatite scaffolds were osteoconductive and repaired defect sucessfully at mouse calvaral site.
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