The Test Study on the Coupler Stability Under the Longitudinal Force

摘要

In the "1+1" built-up heavy-haul train in Daqin line in China,the largest coupler force in whole line test occurred on the locomotive coupler in the middle of train,it reached -2193kN.If the structural design of coupler and draft gear system are irrationality,the large lateral coupler force would be transferred to the wheel-axle and once it is beyond the security limit,it may lead to the accident such as the locomotive derailment.So the pressing stabilization of the coupler is valuable to be studied,the stabilization comprises two sections:the stabilization of coupler joint face determined by the coupler contour and the dynamic alignment control of the joint face between the coupler and draft gear determined by the structure of coupler tail,the support shoulder in front of the front baffle,the longitudinal stiffness of the draft gear,which is related to the maximal free angle of the coupler.The action principle of pressing stabilization of the coupler and ideal structure forms are stated in this paper.We take the DFC-E100 coupler & draft gear for example,we researched the bearing characteristics and progressing rules of the coupler on practical line test and applying increasing loads to it and analysis the test results carefully.The basic conclusion is that :The joint face of coupler would be stable if the structure of the coupler is not been destroyed;The Alignment control performance of the loco coupler is the key for the coupler system keeping in stable under the great longitudinal force and it can be realized through the coupler end shoulder.In the practical line of the minimal curve R300m,the max free angle of the studied loco coupler should be under4°