Ethylendiamine complexes of the silver and copper salts of 5-nitrotetrazole

摘要

Silver 5-nitrotetrazolate (1) and copper(II) 5-nitrotetrazolate 5-nitrotetrazole dihydrate (2) are useful reagents for the synthesis of 5-nitrotetrazole (NT) salts. Both compounds were synthesized and characterized by vibrational spectroscopy (IR and Raman) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In addition, their sensitivity towards friction, shock and elec-trostatic discharge was tested by standard BAM methods. The extremely high sensitivity of both materials makes the transfer of the NT anion using 1 and 2 hazardous and not suit-able for up-scaling. In order to diminish the hazards involved with the transfer of the ener-getic anion and to render the synthesis of NT salts suitable for an industrial scale the two compounds were stabilized by coordination with a chelating ligand and sil-ver(ethylendiamine) 5-nitrotetrazolate (3) and bis(ethylendiamine)copper(II) 5-nitrotetrazolate (4) were synthesized in high yields. Both stabilized NT anion transfer re-agents were characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. In addition, the crys-tal structure of the ethylendiamine copper complex (4) was determined: Orthorombic Pbca; a = 75200(1), b = 14.0124(2), c = 14.7740(2) A; V = 1556.78(4) A3). Furthermore, we synthesized triaminocopper(II) 5-nitrotetrazolate (5), which has potential as a more environemtanlly-friendly primary explosive. Lastly, the synthetic potential of the ethyle-diamine adducts 3 and 4 to form energetic NT salts was investigated.