The objective of our study was to design a novel nanoemulsion system of broad spectrum antifungal agent Itraconazole for its sustained and prolong action without using any additional permeation enhancer. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed, and various naoemulsion formulations were prepared using combination of IPM and Olive oil (1:1) as oil, Tween 20 as a surfactant and Transcutol P® as a cosurfactant. Developed formulations were subjected to thermodynamic stability test. All the nanoemulsion formulations has small droplet size (<90 nm), uniform size distribution (PI, < 0.227) and low viscosity (<160 mP). The results showed that the droplet size and viscosity of nanoemulsion decreases with the decrease in the concentration of surfactant, whereas transdermal flux was increased. The optimized formulation, which contained Olive oil +IPM (1:1) (8 % w/w), 22% w/w Smix (Tween 20 +Transcutol P®) and water (70 % w/w) showed significant increase (P < 0.01) in the transdermal flux (0.1512±0.083 mg h~(-1) cm~(-2)). Furthermore, for the optimized formulation antifungal activity study was conducted. The result showed that prepared formula exhibited better antimicrobial activity, and can be a promising carrier for the transdermal delivery of Itraconazole for prolonged period along with reduced side effects, and offers a novel means for the treatment of fungal infections like blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, onychomycosis etc.
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