Study on the Affect of Returning Farmland to Forest Project on Regional Ecological Risk in Mudanjiang City

摘要

Long-term deforestation and over-harvesting directly led to serious soil erosion and sharp forest deterioration, and the Eco-Environment in Mudanjiang became worse and worse. So the government there took the Returning Farmland to Forest Project (RFFP) firstly in Heilongjiang Province in China in 1999. On the basis of deeply understanding the Eco-Environmental problem of soil erosion and the Ecological Risk Definition, this paper put forward an Ecological Risk Assessment Model with Landscape Indexes and Eco-Environment Resilience. This model firstly calculated the landscape indexes of every sample by fragstats and then obtained the spatial distribution of Ecological Risk by ordinary Kruger interpolation. The results showed that: the landscape fragmentation improved after the RFFP, the EcoEnvironment Resilience increased significantly because the forest area increased obviously and the serious soil erosion was controlled by the high vegetation cover, which in the end made the Ecological Risk drop down rapidly, from 0.003-0.952 to 0.0030.310. The area proportion of minor, slight and moderate risk increased separately from 7.65%. 13.71% and 21.3g% to 18.85%. 33.04% and 33.24%, while the intense and server declined respectively from 31.46% and 25.7g% to 14.88% and O%. In a word, the model possessed advantages of intuition and simplicity and could descript the regional ecological risk quantitatively and its spatial distribution intuitively.