Hardware Implementation of a New CNC Motion Controller

摘要

This article describes hardware implementation of a motion controller core for generation of CNC machine trajectory information. A CNC machine accurately moves a Tool toward a work piece according to a programmed cycle and CNC controller is responsible to control machine servo axis. The novelty of this work is that this core is usable for either closed loop and open loop controlled CNC machine tools. Both 3D Linear and 2D Circular curves interpolation functions that are commonly required in most commands of CNC systems are implemented. Using of hardware implementation approach increases motion speed and accuracy in compare with complete software based CNC controller. The hardware modules have been synthesized by Verilog-HDL and have been implemented in a FPGA. At the final stage, hardware test curves input parameters supplied to FPGA via a PCI bus interface from host computer software. FPGA chip generates trajectory data that are applied to the axis of a typical CNC milling machine. While throughput of movement command generation increased, generated motion path has minimum deviation from real path in BLU of machine.