A coupled continuum-discrete model was utilized to simulate the macro-scale pore flow and micro-scale solid phase deformation of saturated granular soils. The pore fluid motion was idealized using averaged Navier-Stokes equations and the discrete element method was employed to model the solid particles. These two sets of equations were coupled by the noslip fluid boundary conditions imposed on the surface of each particle. Well established semi-empirical relationships were utilized to quantify the fluidparticle interactions. Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the mechanisms of saturated granular deposit liquefaction when subjected to a dynamic earthquake-type base excitation. The outcome of these simulations was consistent with experimental observations and reveal valuable information on the micro-mechanical characteristics of soil liquefaction.
展开▼
