The increased co-operation among IAEA and Regional or State Systems for Accountancyand Control (RSAC and SSAC) is a relevant tool for strengthen effectiveness andimproving the efficiency of the international safeguards. The international communityrecognizes that a strong and reliable R/SSAC system improves the efficiency ofinternational safeguards. However, the advantage of that system is not fully used by theIAEA.The new safeguards system that emerges from the application of the Additional Protocol(INFCIRC/540), the renaissance of nuclear power application and the limited resourcesof the international safeguards systems under the IAEA responsibility are the motivationand the opportunity for effectively incorporate R/SSAC into the international safeguardsscheme. The challenges are to develop requirements and conditions that have to befulfilled by the Regional or State Systems in order to enable the IAEA to confirm on acontinuous basis its reliability, technical capability and effectiveness. The IAEAassessment system has also to be well designed to guarantee such conditions.This paper presents some conditions and alternatives that can be explored for thepractical incorporation of RSAC into international safeguards considering different levelsof co-operation of those systems with the IAEA.
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