Although civil engineers dispose of various calculation methods for retaining structures, noneof them have definitely imposed itself, each one bringing its own benefits or limitations. Finite Element Method(FEM) offers the benefits of complex models allowing taking into account the majority of soil - structurecharacteristic parameters. However, the experience shows that the differences between the experimental andthe calculation results are often quite important. The paper presents the case history of a diaphragm wall fora deep basement of a new building in centre of Bucharest. Nearby the new building there is an ancient cathedral- historic monument. The deep excavation is also neighboring at different distances with another existingbuildings and a heavy trafficked road. All these conditions led to choose the "top-down" technology in executionof the basement. The numerical results obtained by FEM are compared with the measurements recordedduring the construction. The differences between the obtained values (displacements) are comprised between15% and 75%, depending on the enclosure sides. The main factors leading to these differences are the soilparameters.
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