How to reconcile operator and manufacturer risk control points of view during the construction of a transport system

摘要

In a project of building a transport system, the risk control part is a key element of the system in front of the requirements of the authorities which have to deliver the licence to operate to the appointed operator. This proof to supply relies mainly on two aspects: 1. The designed, built, tested system is in compliance with the requirements specified by the client. 2. The operator set up the organization, the skills and the documentation which allow it to master the system operation, to maintain it at its nominal level of functioning and to assure the expected safety level from day to day and for the duration of the contract. These two aspects are strongly bound, even if they result from two different points of view. 1. The vision "Manufacturer" on the one hand, with whom the main objective is to supply a integrated safe and secure system, in compliance with the requirements specified within the framework of the term of references with the project owner and with the rules of the art, 2. The vision "Operator" on the other hand, from whom the objective is to guarantee throughout the contract of transport a safe and secure operation for the passengers and employees. How to reconcile these two visions which integrates all the requirements of integration, use and durability from the beginning of the project in order to present to the Railways Authorities a coherent transport system? And as regards the risk control, how to connect between them the undesired events identified for every part of the transport system life cycle, for every subsystem, and demonstrate that the measures of reduction constitute a homogeneous set, a perfectly adapted and efficient "defence system" towards the desired global safety level? Furthermore, a report can be made, in view of various projects of transport in France and abroad that manufacturer approaches towards the risks analyses are very diverse, the choices of representation highly varied and terminologies not precise even contradictory. That creates, for the operator, an increased difficulty to validate these analyses and to finally make sure of the obtaining of the proof of the safety objectives achievement. The communication suggests developing how a global and systemic approach of risk control can: 1. associate all the actors of the project, 2. create synergies between the experts of risk control and, 3. facilitate the decision-making for the significant cases to be examined towards the expected level of safety.