EXPLOSION HAZARD OF AROMATIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ONE OR TWO NITROGROUPS

摘要

Aromatic compounds containing one or two nitrogroups use in chemical industry commercially, in the first place there are mono- and di- nitroderivatives of benzene and toluene. There are some industrial incidents at heat selfignition of them, and explosive properties of them were discussed in literature. This investigation deals with explosion hazard of less investigated in this regard class nitrocompounds - azo-dyes. All azo-dyes contain azo or amino groups, two benzene circles with substituents. Some of them contain one or two nitrogroups. Nitro- and azo- groups can give explosion hazard to organic substance. Temperature of fast decomposition beginning at heating and kinetic parameters of slow decomposition were experimentally measured for nine of them. The enthalpies of formation were measured experimentally, and explosion parameters were calculated for three of them. These results effort an opportunity to calculate the temperatures of heat explosion on a base of fundamental theory of heat explosion at convection heat transfer with environment. It was found that calculated temperatures of heat explosion good agreed with experimental temperatures of fast decomposition beginning at heating, the divergence was 4.5 % on average. Thus it was shown that investigated azo dyes were the weak explosives, and theory of heat explosion could be quite applied to them.