Conformability is related to deformation of tip seals, when they do not conform to their grooves perfectly. A comprehensive analytical tool is developed for the conformability calculation of the tip seal. The tip seal is modeled with 3D finite element beam model, and the interactions between the seal and the groove are modeled with a simplified asperity contact model. The relation between the displacements and the loads of the tip seal are governed by a group of non-linear finite element equations in closed form. Examples for the piston ring (ring-shape) and tip seal (involute-shape) are given to demonstrate the validation of the model. Given the free shape and the cross-section, the tool can be used to compute the contact force distribution between the surfaces of the tip seal and its groove. Inversely, the geometry of the free shape also can be designed by the tool to obtain the desired contact force distribution.
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