DAM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN VIETNAM, TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

摘要

Vietnam is a South - East Asian country, which is affected by the subtropical humid monsoon climate. Its annual rainfall is high and most of its territory (especially in the North and the Central parts) is mountainous and has good potential for water reserves and hydropower. Moreover, rainfall, almost the only source of surface flow, concentrates in a few months yearly during the rainy season. Therefore, there is an urgent need to be regulated by reservoirs. The Dam Development Strategy has a key role in Vietnam economic-social programs: power generation; flood disaster mitigation; irrigation, water supply for life and industry; transport; and environment promotion. A number of large dams (higher than 50m) are under construction now or in the near future. Dam construction in Vietnam faces many technical problems relating to the complicated natural conditions: cracked and weak foundation; river diversion; temperature and humidity control for dam material treatment; ... The environment impacts during the dam implementation and the storage management (downstream flow maintain; dam downstream inundation; river side erosion; river mouth motion; sedimentation; fish and aquaculture;...) must be considered. Those problems are presented together with really practical solution.