Functionalization of fiber surfaces by thin layers of chitosan and related carbohydrate biopolymers and their antimicrobial activity

摘要

Surface chemistry and topography determine almost all properties of textiles in use (for example, adhesion, skin contact, handling, etc.), whereas the fiber bulk provides the strength and thermomechanical stability. Thus, new strategies have to be developed for imparting permanent functionality to textile surfaces. This aim can be reached by using, e.g., biocompatible polymers, such as carrageenans, chitosans or their derivatives for permanent finish. Surface modification of cellulosic and synthetic fibers by thin layers of ionic carbohydrates is described. After derivatization with anchoring groups these molecules are chemically bound to the fiber and result in film-like addon (low weight percentage) with high wash fastness. Results on the permanent fixation of chitosan and carrageenan on fibers using different chemical anchor bonds are presented. The antimicrobial activity of these finished textiles has been determined using laser nephelometry and tetrazolium compounds against some selected bacteria and fungi. In cooperation with dermatologists the harm-lessness of these biopolymer finishes has been shown. In addition, there are indications of benefits to patients with atopic dermatologic eczemas. The treated textiles can also be used as an ion-exchanger for some heavy metals and, as well as protein-binding surfaces.