Reforming Bus Service Provision and Management Regime in Jakarta, Indonesia

摘要

This paper proposed to reform the bus provision regime in Jakarta by introducing controlled competition for the market and change the existing patronage-based revenue sharing system that tend to exacerbate bus services performance. The paper reviews the whole regime options that have been implemented and/or proposed in some countries in the world. Based on the options, the paper discusses the probable impact of each regime option for Jakarta's case, assesses the appropriate regime to be implemented in Jakarta, and recommends the preconditions that are required to be provided to ensure the effectiveness of the regime implementation.