The purpose of this paper is to present recent advances on the development of fully single-point-closure Reynolds-stress models, for flows with strong inhomogeneities, such as solid-wall effects or strong streamwise gradients (eg. shock-wave/turbulent-boundary-layer interaction). As a starting point it is shown that several recently developed wall-nonnal-free (wall-topology-free) RSMs, using gradients of turbulence length-scale and of anisotropy-invariants to replace geometric normals, can be interpreted as a generalization of well-known redistribution closures but with coefficients that are not scalars but fourth-order tensors. These tensorial coefficients are function of anisotropy-invariants and of their gradients (which indicate the direction of inhomogeneity). In view of the above result, it is suggested that the theory of the redistribution tensor closure should be revisited, with emphasis on inhomogeneity effects. Four baseline sets of coefficient values are given, and the proposed models are applied for various flows (developing flow in a square duct, 2-D and 3-D separated flows).
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