Keliya River is in hinterland of the Taklamakan desert and forms a mystic green corridor. Revealing the distribution feature of the lower reaches fossil river has important significance for its ecology construction and groundwater source surveying. Using X-band SLAR image as an important information sources, and combing with the field investigation, the fundamental principle and imagery feature of the river course of airborne SLAR image are studied and analyzed in this paper, the paper also analyses the characteristic and its changes process. By sampling data and sampling mathematical model, approach the pass through effect of the SLAR image. The study indicated that the X-band of the SLAR image could pass though 14.6cm depth in the region of background desert, and 10.34cm depth in the fossil riverbed.
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