AN EMERGENCY TECHNICAL OPERATION HANDBOOK FOR CIVIL PROTECTION OPERATIVE CENTERS BORN OF THE ITALIAN EXPERIENCE IN UMBRIA MARCHE AND POLLING EARTHQUAKES

摘要

Technical activities, performed since very first moment after Umbria and Marche earthquake, September 1997, were founded, most of all, on GNDT and SSN technicians and researchers experience of previous quakes. The acquired know-how allowed to design procedures and technical tools mainly to perform a complete damage survey and safety assessment on buildings, both public (strategic) and private (residential). Churches survey was another goal, because the vulnerability and cultural worth of a very large number of this kind of constructions, most of all ancient, and because the people needs of prompt solace and gathering place. Technical tools, tested during the quake, show a good performance and a lot of data, collected on about 120.000 buildings, will help to improve the know-how in several applied research field. The experience was useful especially to improve the GNDT - SSN vulnerability and safety assessment form herself, barely ready for use in September 97. The improved tools and procedures allowed the SSN Emergency Office to promote a - ready for use - Operative Center Emergency technical operation handbook, made with the GNDT - L'Aquila Researchers Team usual sharing. Other forms yet in use for historical towns, hospitals functionality and landslide survey (last one product by Italian Geological Survey and National Research Council) were added in the Book. It, eventually, offers a set of advises to perform the survey in order of priority and coordination with the Operative Center other emergency function teams and authority. The Emergency operation handbook, in his first version, was used and further tested, a year later, during the September 1998 Pollino (Southern Italy) earthquake and in a new improved version it will eventually be the official Italian civil protection operational book for damage survey. Last but not least, the systematization of emergency operation will let national and local government to plan a better reconstruction intervention, assessing financial needs and defining design guidelines.