This paper describes various ways of determining and calculating the stored energy during deformation at the level of individual grains in polycrystalline materials. A comparison is first made between various predictions, showing clearly the limitations of the numerical approach, when used alone. It is then shown that high resolution X-ray diffraction can be an efficient and reliable way to determine stored energy experimentally, especially in strongly deformed materials. Then the link between stored energy, microstructural features of various orientations and nucleation occurrence and characteristics is briefly discussed.
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