A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the transients occurring during the melting process in AC and DC electric arc furnaces. The model is based on fundamental descriptions of the various phenomena in electric steelmaking and operating experience in the field. The model has been tested in five electric furnace shops in Europe and North America, both for plain carbon and stainless steels. The results of model simulations were found to be within 2 to 3 percent of the actual operating data. This mathematical tool can be used to optimize the design and operations of arc furnaces. It has tremendous potential for enhancing productivity as well as reducing energy and operating costs.
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