Submerged nozzle slag line is one of the most critical part to achieve long sequence casting of steel. Corrosion at the slag line limits the casting sequences and retards the productivity improvement in the steel plants. Mold powder, with its low basicity, low MgO content and low viscosity, corrodes the refractory at the mold slag line. As aluminous or magnesian refractories could not cope with the corrosion by the mold powder, zirconia-graphite material has been applied to the slag line part of submerged nozzles.
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