The stepwise development of system closure strategies in newsprint mills is analyzed using a novel method for the hierarchical development of process flow diagrams.recent work on paper machine modeling,mill experimentation,validation of simulations,networks analysis and dynamic characterization is reviewed.Closure strategies of process and non-process networks which have been developed for or tested in actual mills are discussed.The needs for R&D work on ocntaminant-specific distributed extraction techniques and on the establishment of mill-validated contaminant concentration thresholds are examined.
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