Combined radiation and natural convection in asquare cavity with mining and absorbing participating mediumis studied numerically. The equation of radiation transfer isanalyzed by the P-1 approximation. The momentum andenergy balance equations are calculated using spectral methods.The presence of a radiation source increases the bulktemperature of the fluid, and has a significant influence on theflow pattern and temperature distribution. In this work, theflow is initially stationary, and is simulated from transition tochaos by varying with Rayleigh numbers of 10~4, 10~5, 10~6,10~7, and 10~8. The conduction-radiation parameter rangesfrom 100 to 0.1, and optical thickness ranges from 10 to 0.01.Comparisons are made with some existing results. Theinfluence of the conduction-radiation parameter, Rayleighnumbers and optical thickness on flow instabilities andbifurcations is discussed.
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