AUTONOMOUS HYDRO, DIESEL, WIND, BIOGAS SINGLE OR MIXED ENERGETICAL SYSTEMS WITH ASYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS

摘要

The paper discusses some engineering aspects of the utilization of asynchronous generators in autonomous unconventional single or mixed energy systems: hydro, diesel, wind, and biogas.We have investigated the use of the asynchronous generator in different regimes, over a period of 30 years. We have built several energy systems with asynchronous generators with variable speed and constant frequency, implemented in windgenerator systems in Romania (experimental windgenerators at Timisoara Technical University, Timisoara Hydrotim S.A. Co., Semenic Windfarm, Semenic Mountains).We have constructed an energy system with constant capacity excited asynchronous generator at Sarata Microhydrostation, Fagaras Mountains (1450 m). In this system the voltage was controlled by varying the speed of the turbine.For systems with uncontrolled hydroturbines we investigated constant loaded asynchronous generator with constant capacitive excitation and dump load control.Additionally, we investigated a system based on constant speed asynchronous generator whose voltage is controlled by an original system with continuous variable capacitive excitation. The driving motor is a thermal motor supplied with biogas. The system was developed at the request of the National Institute for Thermal Motors (Bucharest, Romania).We present our original proposals for mixed hydro, Diesel, wind, biogas energetical systems based on asynchronous generator utilization. Original system structures are presented for resistive loaded systems as well as for resistive-inductive loaded systems. We also present in the paper some original schematic diagrams, methods and algorithms for asynchronous generator characteristics calculation. These characteristics areuseful in the design of the excitation system, allowing to determine the rated parameter values of its elements. Some examples of asynchronous generator operation characteristics, calculated with our methods, are given in the paper.