80 MPH and out-of-the-loop: Effects of real-world semi-automated driving on driver workload and arousal.

摘要

The introduction of semi-automated driving systems is expected to mitigate the safety consequences ofhuman error. Observational findings suggest that relinquishing control of vehicle operational control toassistance systems might diminish driver engagement in the driving task, by reducing levels of arousal. Inthis study, drivers drove a Tesla Model S with Autopilot in both semi-automated and manual modes. Driverbehavior was monitored using a combination of physiological and behavioral measures. Compared tomanual driving, a reduction in driver physiological activation was observed during semi-automated driving.Also, performance to the peripheral detection task suffered in semi-automated mode, with slower responsetimes recorded in this condition than during manual driving. Taken together, our data suggest that semiautomateddriving might not ease safety consequences of human error. Instead, these findings suggest itmight cause a drop in driver monitoring, possibly followed by a spike in automation-generated distraction.