Uniform and Time-Varying Road Pricing Problem in Dynamic Traffic Networks

摘要

Pricing can be one of the market-based strategies to achieve more efficient use of the transportation system. Optimal toll design problem in dynamic traffic networks is addressed in this paper. The road-pricing problem subject to the user equilibrium is formulated as a bi-level programming problem, using mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints. The uniform and time-varying pricing is link-based and second-best pricing is applied. Not only route choice but also departure time choice is modelled, showing that the users tend to adapt their departure time choice in order to avoid tolls. In order to solve this problem an iterative procedure is presented. A few case studies (with uniform and time-varying tolls) are evaluated on a small hypothetical network showing that tolling lead to more efficient use of the network.