Evaluation and Examples of Biomass Utilization Concepts

摘要

Saving of fossil fuels and reduction of carbon dioxide emissions are important aims in energy technology and policy. One way is the use of biomass. Biomass can be used for generating different kinds of net energy like thermal energy, electrical energy, liquid fuels and gaseous fuels.The effective use of biomass depends on the chosen method. Because it is definite that in the world they can not be enough biomass produced for all uses, it is very important to choose the most effective application.rnIt can consistently be shown by balancing that the effect of fossil energy saving and carbon dioxide reduction from different biomass applications can be very different. With respect to the energy exchange ratios it is possible to find more effective applications and to increase the benefits for the biomass usage.rnOne substantial result is that decentralised biomass utilization, e.g. for heat and power generation by combustion or gasification, is a suitable path.rnA serious problem from biomass gasification is the high amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas. The gas cleaning stage plays an important role in the entire process. Our development is based on the catalytic and non-catalytic partial oxidation to treat tar contained in product gases. Theoretical and experimental results will be discussed in the following paper focused on the above mentioned aspects.