Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation, organic manure, compost and chemical fertilizer application on pepper yield and nutrient uptake under field conditions

摘要

As the world fertilizer resources, especially P are very limited, it is reasonable to use organic sources such as myconirizal inoculation, organic manure and composting material as environmentally sustainable alternatives to inorganic fertilizers. Pepper production is wide-spread in southeast Turkey. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of organic sources on pepper yield and nutrient uptake with manufactured fertilizers application under field conditions. The experiment was conducted on an Entic Chromoxerert (Arik clay-loam soil) which is located in the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova, (Eastern Mediterranean region), Turkey. The treatments were (1) control; (2) traditional N-P-K fertilizers (150 kg N ha~(-1) as (NH_4)_2SO_4, 150 kg K ha~(-1) as K_2SO_4, and 60 kg P ha~(-1) as 3Ca(H_2PO_4)_2·H_2O); (3) compost at 50 t ha~(-1); (4) farm manure (cattle) at 50 t ha~(-1) and (5) mycorrhiza plus 10 ton ha~(-1) compost. Compost and organic manure were applied to the field before planting at 50 ton/ha. Mycorrhiza inoculated plant received 30 g per plant G. caledonium inoculum. Pepper (Capssicum annum l.) was used as test plant. Compost, mycorrhizal inoculation and organic manure resulted in higher yield, plant growth and P and Zn uptake and percentage mycorrhizal infection than mineral fertilizer and control treatments. Mycorhizal inoculation, compost and organic manure increased plant P, Zn, Cu and Fe content compared to control and mineral fertilizer application. Compared to mineral application, compost and organic manure increased percentage mycorrhizal infection significantly. The order of effectiveness of fertilizer sources on plant yield and nutrient uptake is as following mycorrhizae > compost > organic manure > mineral fertilizer > control.