Oxidation of Pharmaceuticals during Ozonation:Kinetics and Product Formation

摘要

Second-order rate constants for the reactions of ozone and OH radicalsrnwith selected pharmaceuticals were determined. The results showedrnthat many pharmaceuticals react very quickly with ozone due tornreactive functional groups. In a second step, the contraceptive andrnendocrine disruptor 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) was selected to studyrnthe formation of oxidation products during ozonation. In addition, thernestrogenic activities of EE2 solutions after ozonation were measuredrnusing a yeast estrogen screen (YES). It could be shown that ozonernefficiently reduces EE2 based estrogenicity. Overall, the resultsrndemonstrate that ozonation is a promising tool for the control ofrnpharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in drinking water orrnwastewater.