Reforming of Fossil Fuels (Status Survey)

摘要

The most abundant fossil fuels, namely coal, petroleum and natural gases together with biogases, can all be converted to hydrogen for fuel cell applications. The conversion process is dictated not only by the chemical composition of the fuel, but also by the technical requirements of the particular type of fuel cell used. This paper outlines the various chemical processes that are needed for the conversion. These begin with sulphur removal, pre-reforming through to reforming, and finally CO clean-up. Actual chemical conversion of the fuel may be achieved by steam reforming, autothermal reforming, partial oxidation or pyrolysis. Each technology is briefly introduced together with recent examples of developments for mobile and stationary applications.