The sustainable management of resources in the mitigation of the risk of desertification in the Apulia region

摘要

Numerous studies at the international level have demonstrated that the possibility of climatic changes on a global scale could come true. The knowledge of the chronological tendency of the climatic parameters and the recognition of a character of extreme event in the manifestation of some meteorological phenomena allow the signals of change that are taking place to be defined and if there are tangible impacts on the territory, like the risk of desertification. According to the work of the UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification) the southern and insular regions of Italy are involved in a tendential process of environmental crisis essentially caused by some factors such as: tendential process of 'tropicalization' of the climate; qualitative depauperation of the resources; specific anthropic conditions of decay of the territory. The sensitivity of a land to desertification, in relation to natural causes, depends significantly on the climate, when its peculiar manifestations are aridity, drought and erosion of the rain; however the degradation of the soil, which leads to the loss of fertility, is also due to the not sustainable use of the natural resources, to the intensive exploitation of the agrarian lands and the water resources. This study, made at the basin scale in Apulian Tavoliere, tends to acquire specific information on the climatic, morphological, pedologic, geologic, hydrogeologic and the anthropic activity that causes a high risk of environmental decay in the territory, in order to create a sustainable management of the resources and the mitigation of the impacts of the productive processes.