POST COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CO_2 CAPTURE: A TECHNO-ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF SELECTED OPTIONS

摘要

BP, together with seven other major companies as partners in the CO_2 capture project (CCP), has worked with a range of technology developers from academia and industry to develop technology solutions to significantly reduce the costs of capturing and storing CO_2. Post Combustion capture (i.e. removal of dilute concentrations of CO_2 from low pressure combustion byproducts downstream of a combustion system) represents one of the key categories of capture technologies that have been investigated by the CCP. This paper provides an overview of the potential application of various Post Combustion capture technologies applied to a series of real world scenarios firing oil or gaseous fuels, including Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) based power generation in Norway, open cycle gas turbine operation in Alaska and refinery based process heat and power generation in the United Kingdom. A range of these technologies will be reviewed in the paper including, amongst others, optimised absorption systems, the application of gas/liquid membrane contactors and developmental adsorbent systems. By considering the very real engineering challenges and constraints presented by these scenarios, appropriate technologies have been identified and assessed, providing a suite of engineering designs to capture and condition CO_2, in preparation for transportation and storage. These designs have provided the basis for deriving project economics, which have highlighted the real project costs involved with capturing CO_2.