Universal Attributes of Evolution of Dissipative Structures Emerging Under the Effect of Thermal Shock and Ultrashort Pulses of Laser Radiation

摘要

A new method of studying the structural materials dynamic failure process allowing a significant expansion of the area of nonequilibrium matter states is application of laser radiation ultrashort pulses. Employment of lasers with picosecond and, especially, femtosecond pulse duration opens up unique possibilities for studying matter nonequilibrium states and expands the field under study to the earlier inaccessible ultrashort negative pressure range what is significant for determining common regularities of solid bodies' behavior under the effect of powerful pulses of penetrating radiation in the wide time interval. In an effort to determine the universal attributes of metals behavior in the dynamic failure phenomenon there was determined the mass of percolation clusters of inner surfaces roughness of failure centers on the nanoscale level, arising as a result of effect of ultrashort pulses of laser radiation (UPLR), high-current beams of relativistic electrons.rnIt is shown that the process of metals dynamic failure under the effect of UPLR and under the effect of high-current beams of relativistic electrons, in the studied metals is similar on different scale levels: beginning from nanolevel and up to the scale of the failing body.