X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) studies on the combustion products of nickel - potassium perchlorate pyrotechnic system

摘要

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is very sensitive to conduct the surface analysis. It has been used to study electronic structure on the surface of the metal oxide, bonding, surface states and surface phase formation of the oxides. This technique is appropriate in understanding the chemical reactions occurring at the surface and the interaction between metal/metal oxide, and metal oxide/metal oxide and surface segregation from multicomponent system. Hence X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been applied to the study of the combustion products of nickel - potassium perchlorate based pyrotechnic system. Pyrotechnic compositions of different proportion of fuel and oxidizer were studied. (30:70, 50:50 and 75:2). These mixtures were ignited in a standard bomb calorimeter and the combustion residues characterized by XPS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the intermediate species formed due to the interaction and the surface chemical reaction between the Ni: KCIO_4 system. The formation of intermediate complex like K_2NiCl_4 is proposed along with some hydroxyl species on the surface. The formation of new complex at the surface could be explained on the basis of metal / support interaction or due to the surface reaction caused due to the bond breaking theory of KCIO_4 during the combustion of pyrotechnic compositions.