Study of disturbances in the IMF and magnetosphere of the Earth by muon hodoscope data

摘要

Disturbances of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and of geomagnetic field caused by the solar activity significantly influence characteristics of cosmic ray flux – intensity and anisotropy. Variations of cosmic r rays are b ays be- eing investigated more than 60 years, but these investigations were directed mainly on the study of changes of co ing cosmic mic ray flux. The situation changed recently with the appearance of a new type of ground detectors – muon hodoscopes – which allow to register spatial spatial-angular variations of the flux of the penetrating component of cosmic rays at a new level of precision and reliability. Possibilities of muon hodoscopes have allowed for the first time consider cosmic rays not only as an investigated obje object, but also as a tool for examination of the state of the near ct, near-Earth space. The URAGAN hodoscope with the area of ~ 45 sq.m located at the ground surface allows to use for such studies the hard component of cosmic rays (muons). URAGAN has a high angular r resolution (~1o) in a wide range of zenith angles esolution (0 0-80o) at registering tracks of charged particles particles, that give gives possibility to explore the dynamics of angular depe depen- ndences of the muon flux caused by various external factors. In this ences paper paper, results of the st , study of angular variations of udy muon flux by the URAGAN data of 2009 2009-2011 during disturbances in the IMF and in the Earth's magnetosphere are pr presented. It is shown that there is an interrelation between variations of IMF components, of solar wind parameters, sented. and of an anisotropy of muon flux. Changes of angular variation characteristics of muon flux sometimes can be observed sotropy several hours and even days before the moment of the beginning of the geomagnetic distu disturbance.