Anionic A 120, nonionic N 100, cationic C 460 and C 581 flocculants, as well as Al_2(SO_4)_3 coagulant, were used in purifying clayed waste water. The pH dispersion was 7.8, with 25.93 kg/m~3 of solids (clays and quartz). 54percent of solid particles had less than 10 #mu#m in diameter. The settling rate without any flocculant was 0.4 m/hr. Effectiveness of the used flocculants was: A 120 N 100 C460. In the presence of 100 g/t A 120, the settling rate was about 25 m/hr, the supernatant was colourless and had transmission of 98percent. The best flocculation result can be explained by the adsorption of anionic flocculant A 120 on AlOH~+_2 or SiOH~+_2 surface sites and by the electrostatic interaction on Al-O~(partial deriv-) -H~(partial deriv+) or Si -O~(partial deriv-) -H~(partial deriv+) centres, bridging two or more dispergated particles. A combination of flocculants, C 581 (40g/t) and A 120 (100 g/t), gave a similar settling rate, but shorter time of sedimentation (3 minutes). C 581 cations are adsorbed on negative particle surface sites (AlO~- or SiO~-), giving more positive surface centres for adsorption of anionic A 120 flocculant.
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机译：使用阴离子A 120，非离子N 100，阳离子C 460和C 581絮凝剂以及Al_2（SO_4）_3混凝剂来净化黏性废水。 pH分散度为7.8，固体含量为25.93 kg / m〜3（粘土和石英）。 54％的固体颗粒直径小于10＃μm。没有任何絮凝剂的沉降速度为0.4m / hr。所用絮凝剂的效力为：A 120 >> N 100 >> C460。在100 g / t A 120的存在下，沉降速度约为25 m / hr，上清液为无色，透射率为98％。最佳絮凝结果可以用阴离子絮凝剂A 120在AlOH〜+ _2或SiOH〜+ _2表面上的吸附以及在Al-O〜（偏导-）-H〜（偏导+）上的静电相互作用来解释。 Si -O〜（偏导数）-H〜（偏导数）中心，桥接两个或多个分散的粒子。絮凝剂C 581（40 g / t）和A 120（100 g / t）的组合具有相似的沉降速率，但沉降时间较短（3分钟）。 C 581阳离子被吸附在负颗粒表面部位（AlO--或SiO--）上，从而为吸附阴离子A 120絮凝剂提供了更多的正表面中心。
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