WATER DEMAND MODELS FOR BEIJING

摘要

Rapid population and economic growth requires an optimal management of the utility systems and infrastructure, especially water supply systems. The joint project "Water management System for Beijing" between China and Germany conducted by the Fraunhofer Institute for information and data processing IITB focuses on this issue for the Olympic Games 2008 and thereafter. The optimization of water circulation systems for long lasting water supply requires the knowledge of the water, which enters (surface-, groundwater) and the water disposed from the system (required by the consumers). One effect, which makes the optimal water planning for Beijing so difficult is the irregular rainfall in the region throughout the year. In context of this paper several water demand models for the three principal consumer groups agriculture, industry and household were developed. The models take social, socio-economical, political and economical factors into account. Therefore, with the knowledge of the development of these factors, the future water demand can be forecasted.