Science and Technology Parks and their connections within innovation networks: a holistic approach to analysis of policy and practice in China and Europe

摘要

Public policy, related interventions and the wider innovation literature address innovation issues within frameworks variously referred to as innovation systems, clusters and networks. These have become key organising concepts. This paper is grounded on and looks outwards from Science and Technology Parks to the systems, clusters and networks with which they are, to varying degrees, associated. We examine the role that networking and networks have had in the commonly accepted characterisations of Science and Technology Parks. We describe the positioning of Parks in innovation networks in Europe and the People’s Republic of China, using examples from Cambridge, UK and Beijing.