Key challenges for the NGO community to 2020

摘要

Environmental non-government organizations (NGOs) in Asia and the Pacific region have a long history of work on issues such as local and indigenous communities' rights vis-a-vis land tenure, protected areas and deforestation, particularly in response to massive development programmes being embarked on bv many governments in the Asia Pacific region. However, NGOs only began to focus on other aspects of forestrv issues, such as illegal logging, in the late 1980s. The initial predominance of international NGOs was subsequently followed by the establishment of local environmental NGOs staffed bv local people, who attempted to address national forestry and environmental issues within their respective national and local socio-economic contexts. Environmental NGOs face a number of external and internal challenges. The external challenges include issues related to forestry illegal logging and forest law enforcement and governance, land tenure and rights, certification, sustainable forest management, deforestation and degradation, biodiversity and species trade; people - indigenous people's rights, local communities; the environment - soil, water and energy, climate change; and cross-cutting issues investments and inequality. Internal challenges include those related to: coordination; approaches and tactics; adaptability, flexibility and innovation; technical expertise; political catalysts versus alternative service providers; developed versus developing world environmentalism; democratic representation and accountability; managerial matters; funding; personalities and spokespersons; staff remuneration and career paths. On the whole, the environmental NGO movement in 2020 will be much more extensive and have a greater influence on government policies and programme development in the region, with more governments accepting that environmental NGOs can play a constructive role in forestry and environmental issues.