Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) has attracted significant attention recently from both academia and industry, as it provides a promising solution to aquatic environmental monitoring and exploration. Due to the limitation of electromagnetic waves, underwater sensor networks utilize acoustic signals that have high error rate, propagation delay and limited bandwidth for data communication. By adopting predictable mobility patterns of underwater objects, we propose a scheme, called Efficient Mobility Based Localization (EMBL) to determine the location information of sensor node in UWSN. The proposed EMBL scheme is divided into two parts, anchor node localization and ordinary node localization. During the localization process, every node predicts its future mobility pattern according to its past known location information, and estimate its future location. The proposed EMBL scheme is simulated in MATLAB and compared with the existing scheme in terms of localization coverage, localization error, average communication cost. It is found that proposed EMBL scheme outperforms the existing schemes.
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