The impact of transport demand management measures on urban environment and energy

摘要

Within the framework of this paper, the environmental and energy impact of Transport Demand Measures (TDM) introduced in urban central areas is examined and evaluated through the use of traffic simulation modelling. TDM measures examined include an extensive and exclusive central road network for buses together with the introduction of High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes. Parameters such as traffic volumes, delays, speed, use of road network and Public Transport system data are examined, with special consideration given to the impacts of TDM measures on urban environment (vehicle emissions) and energy (fuel consumption). The modelling results proved to be quite encouraging, since the relieving environmental effects were of great importance.