Innovative Magnetic Nanoparticles Approaches For Bone And Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

摘要

The necessity of new clinical approaches regarding musculoskeletal system regeneration is evident. Nowadays different strategies such as autografts, allografts also used in synergy with cell therapy are already used in clinical treatments for moderate defects, but they face significant limitations due to limited supply, and risk of immune rejection. Currently, the treatments of extended osteochondral and bone defects involve invasive permanent metallic prosthesis, challenging reconstructive procedures and long rehabilitation period. Despite that, the gold standard seems to be far to obtain.rnTissue engineering approaches in osteochondral and long bone defects employ three-dimensional scaffolds to provide the necessary support for the defect site and for the cells to proliferate and maintain their differentiated function'1121. The complete histomorphological and biological maturation of tissues is achieved only if angiogenesis is permanently stimulated by angiogenic factors131.rnThe innovative proposed approaches provide the fascinating use of nanoparticles for magnetically controlled delivery of selected angiogenic growth factors.