The determination of filamentous fungi in polluted soils as a first step in bioremediation process

摘要

Bioremediation is the one of the in situ technologies, depending on the use of living organisms to reduce or to eliminate toxic chemicals and other hazardous wastes. The process is based on the addition of bioagents to enhance a specific biological activity or stimulation of indigenous micoflora. The paper presents the investigations focused on the occurrence of filamentous fungi in highly heavy metal contaminated soil. The soil samples were taken from different areas (vicinity of chemical plants, fast road, steel mill, wastewater treatment plant). The obtained results indicate few fungal strains presence in soils with high contents of heavy metals. Mortierella exigua, Trichoderma atroviride, T. harzianum, Gliocladium roseum and yeast-like fungi were most frequently present in Zn, Ba and Fe highly contaminated soil in vicinity of chemical plant. The Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium chrysogenum, Cladosporium cladosporioides were dominant in soil near fast road (high concentration of Fe, Pb, Ni and Mn). P. chrysogenum, Chrysosporium pannorum, Verticillium chlamydoporium and T. atroviride were strong present in soil in vicinity of steel mill with high concentration of Fe, Zn, Cr. P. waksmani, P. chrysogenum, C. cladosporioides, G. roseum, Rhodotorula sp., P. canescens and M. hiemalis in soil near wastewater treatment plant with high concentration of Fe, Pb, Cd and Mn.